第一篇:《陕西窑洞作文1000字》
陕西窑洞作文1000字
陕西窑洞作文1000字 窑洞，是中国北方黄土高原上特有的民居形式，中华民族的祖先就是在窑洞中生存、繁衍和壮大起来的。窑洞分土窑洞、石窑洞、砖窑洞、土基子窑洞、柳椽柳巴子窑洞和接口子窑洞多种。窑洞是黄土高原的产物，陕北农民的象征。在这里，沉积了古老的黄土地深层文化人民创造了陕北的窑洞艺术（民间艺术）。过去，一位农民辛勤劳作一生，最基本的愿望就是修建几孔窑洞。有了窑娶了妻才算成了家立了业。男人在黄土地上刨挖，女人则在土窑洞里操持家务、生儿育女。小小窑洞浓缩了黄土地的别样风情。深达一二百米、极难渗水、直立性很强的黄土，为窑洞提供了很好的发展前提。同时，气候干燥少雨、冬季寒冷、木材较少等自然状况，也为冬暖夏凉、十分经济、不需木材的窑洞，创造了发展和延续的契机。由于自然环境、地貌特征和地方风土的影响，窑洞形成各式各样的形陕北窑洞式。但从建筑的布局结构形式上划分可归纳为靠崖式、下沉式和独立式三种形式。建筑材料少，工匠少，施工便利，不占用土地，不破坏环境。
陕北延安窑洞，其中夹杂着窑洞式平顶房。窑洞是自然图景和生活图景的有机结合，渗透着人们对黄土地的热爱和眷恋之情。窑洞防火，防噪音，冬暖夏凉，既节省土地，又经济省工，确是因地制宜的完美建筑形式。人们利用黄土的特性，挖洞造室修成的窑洞叫土窑洞，一般深7—8米，高3米多，宽3米左右，最深的可达20米。窗户有两种，一种是1平方米左右的小方窗；另一种是约3—4平方米的圆窗。其特点是冬暖夏凉。用石头作建筑材料，深7—9米，宽、高皆为3米左右的石拱洞，叫石窑洞。砖窑的式样、建筑方法和石窑洞一样，外表美观。一院窑洞一般修3孔或5孔，中窑为正窑，有的分前后窑，有的1进3开。窑洞一般修在山腰或山脚下的向阳之处，窑洞上面的脑畔栽了很多栽树木和花草。
靠崖式窑洞（崖窑）
靠崖式窑洞有靠山式和沿沟式，窑洞常呈现曲线或折线型排列，有和谐美观的建筑艺术效果。在山坡高度允许的情况下，有时布置几层台梯式窑洞，类似现代楼房。
下沉式窑洞（地窑）
下沉式窑洞就是地下窑洞，主要分布在黄土塬区—没有山坡、沟壁可利用的地区。这种窑洞的做法是：先就地挖下一个方形地坑，然后再向四壁凿出窑洞，形成一个四合院。人在平地，只能看见地院里的树梢，看不见房屋。 独立式窑洞（锢窑）
独立式窑洞是一种掩土的拱形房屋，有土墼土坯拱窑洞，也有砖拱石拱窑洞。这种窑洞无需靠山依崖，能够自身独立，又不失窑洞的优点。可为单层，也可建成为楼独立式窑洞（箍窑）。若上层也是箍窑即称“窑上窑”；若上层是木结构房屋则称“窑上房”。
第二篇:《家乡的窑洞》
家乡的窑洞
我是在城里出生长大的，但遇到办事回到老家，发现老家的住房是窑洞，挺新鲜。听家长说，窑洞一般坐北朝南，向阳，背靠山，面朝开阔地带，少有树木遮挡，适宜居住生活 。院子里一溜七孔窑洞。窑洞的上面往里又是一溜窑洞，下面还是一溜窑洞。窑洞是由砖所砌成的，无论是从外面看，还是从里面瞧，都是拱圆形。很奇怪，那么多的砖在空中竟掉不下来。 窑洞一般窑壁用石灰涂抹，显得白晃晃的，干爽亮堂。窑洞内一进门的一侧，就是一丈长的土炕，在炕的一头都连着灶台，由于灶火的烟道通过炕底，冬天炕上很暖和。炕周围的三面墙上一般贴着一些绘有图案的画，它们可以避免炕上的被褥与粗糙的墙壁直接接触摩擦, 还可以保持清洁。窑洞的窗户比较讲究，窗户分天窗、炕窗、门窗几部分，窗上嵌有玻璃，阳光可以自由地透进来。 一大家子住在一个院子里，这里处处都被和睦、友爱笼罩其中。
窑洞冬暖夏凉，在寒风凌冽、狂风怒号的冬天，你就在屋里，坐在温暖的炕上。酷热的夏天，睡在屋里，就十分凉爽，倍感舒适。
暑假里，我一定要回老家住在窑洞里，去度过这炎热的夏天，感受比空调还要舒适的凉爽。
第三篇:《陕北窑洞》
陕北窑洞
还有几种建筑是靠挖掘而成的呢？
还有几种建筑是真正做得到冬暖夏凉的呢？
还有几种建筑是建在崖边，甚至在地下的呢？{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
陕北，是华夏文明的发源之地，山大沟深，万壑纵横。在这片土地上，自从有了人，就有了窑洞。
自远古时代开始，人类就已经学会了挖掘窑洞。人们挖掘出一个宽3.5米，高3-4米，深5-9米的窑洞，前面装上门窗，冬天不怕下雪，夏天不怕阳光。有些窑洞还会在内部贴纸或窗花装饰。
那么，窑洞是如何挖成的呢？{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
要挖掘一个窑洞，首先要做的同样是挖地基，但是这“地基”却不能算真正的地基，要根据你所要的窑洞类型确定。地基挖成，就开始打窑洞。把崖面刮平，然后一点一点地把窑洞的形状挖出，把土运走。至此，最主要的步骤也就完成了。最后，即是对窑洞做一些简单的修整，在墙面上抹泥与安装门窗等。 虽说都属于窑洞，但各种窑洞却都有自己的名称。
首先是崖窑。“崖窑”即靠崖式窑洞，顾名思义，这些窑洞经常折线或曲线靠山或沿着沟排列，如果山的高度允许，可以往上多挖几层，类似现代楼房。 下沉式窑洞就是我们常说的“地窑”。先在平地上往下挖个四方的坑，再向四壁凿出窑洞，一般中间种树，形似“地下四合院”。
最后一种窑洞是独立式窑洞，又叫“锢窑”，看起来像土堆的平房，无须靠山依崖，自身独立，方方正正，也还保存着窑洞的优点。
说到窑洞，《从鲁滨逊飘流记》里的鲁滨逊住的就是崖窑。据说，毛主席在革命根据地延安工作时就是住在窑洞里的。
窑洞，这历史悠久的建筑，建在崖边与地下，冬暖夏凉，挖掘而成，自古至今仍保留着相同的特点，伴随着陕北的炎黄子孙繁衍，生息，创造灿烂的文化。
第四篇:《有关陕北窑洞资料》{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
陕北窑洞介绍
窑洞，是中国北方黄土高原上特有的民居形式，中华民族的祖先就是在窑洞中生存、繁衍和壮大起来的。窑洞分土窑洞、石窑洞、砖窑洞、土基子窑洞、柳椽柳巴子窑洞和接口子窑洞多种。
窑洞是黄土高原的产物，陕北农民的象征。在这里，沉积了古老的黄土地深层文化人民创造了陕北的窑洞艺术(民间艺术)。过去，一位农民辛勤劳作一生，最基本的愿望就是修建几孔窑洞。有了窑娶了妻才算成了家立了业。男人在黄土地上刨挖，女人则在土窑洞里操持家务、生儿育女。小小窑洞浓缩了黄土地的别样风情。
深达一二百米、极难渗水、直立性很强的黄土，为窑洞提供了很好的发展前提。同时，气候干燥少雨、冬季寒冷、木材较少等自然状况，也为冬暖夏凉、十分经济、不需木材的窑洞，创造了发展和延续的契机。由于自然环境、地貌特征和地方风土的影响，窑洞形成各式各样的形式。但从建筑的布局结构形式上划分可归纳为靠崖式、下沉式和独立式三种形式。
陕北延安窑洞，其中夹杂着窑洞式平顶房。窑洞是自然图景和生活图景的有针对传统在陕西省北部地区窑洞,基于窑洞及其开发环境,本文分析了窑洞建筑特点和使用价值及其发展陕西北部,然后指出,窑洞发展被减少到一个尴尬局面。利用SWOT分析方法,优势,劣势,机会和威胁的山洞被总结。在优势方面,窑洞的生态优势为本地建筑,建于根据当地条件,解决土地、能源和环境问题在黄土高原,和丰富的美学价值本机功能。的弱点,村庄布局缺乏完整性,交通不方便,室内通风和照明不足,simpl模式和空间机结合，渗透着人们对黄土地的热爱和眷恋之情。
窑洞防火，防噪音，冬暖夏凉，既节省土地，又经济省工，确是因地制宜的完美建筑形式。
人们利用黄土的特性，挖洞造室修成的窑洞叫土窑洞，一般深7—8米，高3米多，宽3米左右，最深的可达20米。窗户有两种，一种是1平方米左右的小方窗；另一种是约3—4平方米的圆窗。其特点是冬暖夏凉。用石头作建筑材料，深7—9米，宽、高皆为3米左右的石拱洞，叫石窑洞。砖窑的式样、建筑方法和石窑洞一样，外表美观。一院窑洞一般修3孔或5孔，中窑为正窑，有的分前后窑，有的1进3开。窑洞一般修在山腰或山脚下的向阳之处，窑洞上面的脑畔多栽树木和花草Caves, is a unique local-style dwelling houses form on loess plateau in northern China, is the ancestor of the Chinese people live in caves, breeding and growing up. Cave TuYaoDong, brick stone cave, cave, cave, soil base willow rafter LiuBaZi cave and cut cave variety. Cave is the product of the loess plateau, a symbol of northern shaanxi farmers. Here, deposit the ancient people created the deep culture background of shanbei cave art (folk art). In the past, a farmer worked hard life, the most basic wish is to build a few hole caves. The kiln took a wife is a home made. Man dug in the background, women in TuYaoDong housework and children. A{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
small cave enrichment of another amorous feelings. YiErBai meters, water seepage, orthostatic strong loess extremely hard, for the cave development provides a good premise. At the same time, the climate is dry little rain, winter cold and less natural conditions such as lumber, also is warm in winter and cool in summer,{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
In view of traditional house in northern area of Shaanxi Province which was cave
dwelling,based on cave dwelling and its development environment,the paper had analyzed architectural characteristics and use value of cave dwelling and its development in northern Shaanxi,and then pointed out that cave dwelling development had been reduced into an awkward situation.By using SWOT analysis method,the
strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats of cave dwellings had been
summarized.In terms of strengths,cave dwelling had ecological advantage as native architecture,was constructed based on local conditions,could solve land,energy and environment problems on Loess Plateau,and abounded in aesthetic value of native feature.In terms of weaknesses,village layout lacked of integrity,transportation was not convenient,indoor ventilation and lighting were insufficient,and pattern and space were simplified and stereotyped.In terms of opportunities,it stressed architectural ecology having received more and more attention in the world,and exploration and application of underground civil architecture.In terms of threats,it lied in construction technology of cave dwelling,contradiction between cave dwelling and urbanization and between cave dwelling and modern life,and management mode of restricted type.On this basis,it suggested that cave dwelling development in northern Shaanxi should transform people's traditio-nal concept through correct guidance of public voice;strive to eliminate weakness of cave dwelling;improve cave environment by enhancing infrastructure construction;develop characteristic cave dwelling cultural tourism in northern Shaanxi,and construct new socialist countryside of northern Shaanxi character.
针对传统在陕西省北部地区窑洞,基于窑洞及其开发环境,本文分析了窑洞建筑特点和使用价值及其发展陕西北部,然后指出,窑洞发展被减少到一个尴尬局面。利用SWOT分析方法,优势,劣势,机会和威胁的山洞被总结。在优势方面,窑洞的生态优势为本地建筑,建于根据当地条件,解决土地、能源和环境问题在黄土高原,和丰富的美学价值本机功能。的弱点,村庄布局缺乏完整性,交通不方便,室内通风和照明不足,simpl模式和空间
【作者单位】： 渭南师范学院化学与生命科学学院资源环境系;
1.
In each cave they constructed five simple beds.
他们在每间窑洞里做了5个简单的床。
2.
Many years ago people practised black magic in those caves.
很多年以前，人们在那些窑洞里耍妖术。
3.
From this cave-room the chairman directed the work of our Party.
主席在这间窑洞指导我们全党的工作。
4.
Inspiration to Modern Architecture with Cave-house in Northern Shanxi;
陕北窑洞民居对现代建筑设计的启示
5.
The Implication of Ecological Esthetics and Harmonious Potential of Cave-dwelling in North Shaanxi;
陕北窑洞的生态美学意蕴与和谐潜质
6.
Life in Shanbei s Cave-houses:History, inheritance and change;
陕北人的窑洞生活:历史、传承与变迁
7.
Research and the Protection of Wubu Ancient Cave Settlement Pattern
吴堡窑洞古城聚落形态的研究与保护
8.
Their cave-style new homes stood in rows in the hill slope.
他们的窑洞式新房一排排地立在山坡上。
9.
The storm having destroyed their hut, they had to live in a cave.
雷雨把他们的棚子冲坏了，他们只好住在窑洞里.
10.
A small cave is the only refuge from the cold
一个小窑洞是抵御寒冷的唯一藏身之处
11.
Batches of bacterial fertilizer continued to be shipped out from this" cave plant" .
成批的菌肥继续从这个“窑洞工厂”往外运。
12.
We quickly washed up and sat down in front of our cave-homes, spinning.
我们匆忙洗一洗，然后就在窑洞前坐下纺起线来。
13.
Have you ever visited the caves where the Party leaders used to live?
你访问过我们党的领导人居住过的窑洞吗?
14.
"If there's no guesthouse there'll be an inn; if there's no inn there'll be the cave home of a farmer in the production brigade."
“没有招待所有店，没店有生产队，有老乡窑洞。”
15.
Disease Investigation of the Loess Cave Dwelling and Study on Freezing and Thawing Action;
黄土窑洞的病害调查及冻融作用试验研究
16.
The Value of Settlement Construction Cave-in in Northern Shaanxi Tourism
Development;
窑洞式建筑聚落在陕北旅游开发中的价值探讨
17.
A Study on Cave Dwelling Culture in the Northern Shaanxi Province and the Tour
Exploring;{关于陕酉窑洞的作文}.
陕北黄土高原窑洞文化与旅游开发探讨
18.
Studies on Trace Element Compositions of Laohudong Guan Ware and Ru Guan
Ware;
老虎洞窑和汝官窑瓷微量元素的研究
As a type of dwelling existing only in China, the farmers' caves in Shaanxi Province, especially in Northern Shaanxi, are unique travel destinations. In some areas of Shaanxi Province such as the Yan'an area, farmers' caves abound.
Farmers' caves are generally built into a mountain. In Shaanxi Province there are two basic types, the stone cave and the earth cave. The stone cave is cut into the side of a precipitous cliff, while an earth cave is cut into the yellow earth layers. Caves rise layer upon layer looking like stories of a building.
A farmer's cave is usually 5-7 meters (16.4-23.0 feet) long, 3-4 meters (9.8-13.1 feet) wide and 2-5 meters (6.6-16.4 feet) high. The cave has a semicircular door of fieldstone and windows with exquisite sash bars set like fan ribs, the most beautiful and dainty parts of the cave. Vaulted windows have beautiful designs in wooden sash bars decorated with folk paper cuttings. A farmer's cave has several unique characteristics: First, it is quiet; also it is warm in winter and cool in summer. Its creation did not damage the environment or usurp farmland.
As early as the Neolithic Age, using wooden framework, grass, and soil, clans inhabiting the middle reaches of the Yellow River built simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains. Gradually, living in caves was a practice handed down to descendants. Today, some farmers' caves have progressed to serving as hotels featuring modern facilities. Tourists now can enjoy the advantages of both a farmer's cave and hotel.
A proper trip to Shaanxi Province must include a visit to the fascinating farmers' caves.